Relationship asymmetry produces an unbalanced interaction as well as the dominance of men to women. This relationship has been going on from generation to generation that makes either physical or psychological violence become commonplace. study of feminism into consciousness movement against violence against women as a crime.
In there is a bureaucracy that produces a relationship of power asymmetry between men and women is causing disruption and women often get violent. than that of women who intend to have a higher career grazia magazine australia will not be hampered by resistance or pressure from men who mendiminasi.
By themselves the underlying background as described above, the problem to be investigated is the "extent to which a gender perspective the pattern of relationships grazia magazine australia within grazia magazine australia the bureaucracy itself"
Feminism as a movement has been fueled grazia magazine australia by the growing non-violent struggle in conjunction with anti-authoritarianism and anti-acceleration weaponry grazia magazine australia in the west as a result of the cold war. This movement grazia magazine australia is then combined with academic activities that criticize the concepts in the conventional-positivist social science. When emerging awareness of the asymmetrical relations based on gender, then the understanding grazia magazine australia of women's studies can be seen as a field of study that focuses on women and historis.Karenanya study of women can be defined.
First, the study to gain an understanding of the development of asymmetrical relations based on gender, race, and class in society. Second, studies to look for strategies that can change the situation asymmetrical relationship to relationship - a relationship that is more symmetrical.
To achieve the target of change grazia magazine australia towards a more symmetrical, systematic study of women in need and concrete step in a movement (movement). Ratna Saptari (1992: 7) suggests three approaches to movement and women's studies, namely
First, as the radical feminism that argues stream bottom community structure based on the hierarchical grazia magazine australia relationship based on sex, assumes that men as a social category dominating other women as a social category. This condition gives rise to a conceptual grazia magazine australia model that explains the various forms of oppression. In other words, sex becomes a decisive factor: social position, experience, physical condition, psychological, interests, and values of a person, so it appears the slogan of the personal is political, with the main focus on the concept of Patriarchy and Sexuality. second, the liberal feminism that holds that men and women have equal rights in developing their potential. Anyone could only intervene in order to guarantee the implementation grazia magazine australia of the rights azasinya. The third, which relates the socialist feminism male dominance of women in the process of capitalism. Various forms of patriarchy and the sexual division of labor can not be separated from the model of production in society (Denhardt & Denhardt, 2003).
As reflected in the early periods of the industrial revolution and capitalism grazia magazine australia requires cheap labor for low bertekonologi job. Metamorphosis is preserved condition until now, in the form of cheap female labor requirements due to low employment and workers' bargaining position, which raises labor is not paid within the household.
Gender relations and sexual violence spawned not be separated from the power relations between related parties (Anonymous, 2000). The tendency of power to normalize relations, with particular regard the phenomenon as a normal and natural thing has resulted in "receipt" of a relationship asymmetry controlled by the party into a reasonableness. This apparent reasonableness occur on all fronts and sectors, such as economics, science, and sex.
Foucault says that power is not an institution, not a structure, nor possessed the power, but the name given to a complex strategic situation in a society (Haryatmoko, 2002). In it there is a process of institutionalization of power is institutionalized in the overall legal and political structures and social rules that perpetuate the dominance and reproductive ensure compliance. Power is no longer in the face of a classic as violence, repression, or ideological manipulation. In this setting it is often violent and not only do not always visible. It takes sensitivity, intelligence, and wisdom to provide awareness and the erosion of power asymmetry sexual relationship, which in many cases leads to violence cases.
"... Despite some progress in legislation and progressive policies at national and international level, it is clear there is deflection in the redist
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